Breast Biopsy: What You Need to Know

If a woman detects a lump in her breast or an abnormality appears on an ultrasound or mammogram, a breast biopsyis usually performed.

Types of Breast Biopsy

The type of biopsy depends on:
 Size, location, and nature of the lump
 Imaging findings
 Patient preference

There are two main biopsy techniques:

 Needle Biopsy
 Surgical Biopsy

1. Needle Biopsy

Recommended for:

• Palpable lumps
• Suspicious areas detected via imaging
• Non-palpable abnormalities (guided by ultrasound/mammography)

Types of Needle Biopsies:

 Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB)

• Uses a thin needle to extract fluid or cells.
• Performed manually or under ultrasound guidance.
• Used to assess superficial lumps or cystic masses.
• The sample is examined by a cytopathologist.

 Core Needle Biopsy (CNB)

• Uses a larger needle to extract a tissue sample.
• More accurate than FNAB as it preserves tissue architecture.
• Provides detailed information about:
  • Cancer type
  • Grade of malignancy
  • Hormone receptor status (to guide treatment decisions).

2. Surgical Biopsy

 Used when:
A needle biopsy does not provide a definitive diagnosis.
The lesion is highly suspicious or complex.
A larger sample is required for detailed histological examination.

 Excisional Biopsy: Removes the entire lump.
 Incisional Biopsy: Removes only part of the lump for analysis.

Why is a Breast Biopsy Important?

 Distinguishes between benign & malignant conditions.
 Determines the best treatment approach.
 Provides vital information on tumor biology (if cancer is present).

Key Takeaway:
Early detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial for effective treatment and better outcomes.